LDS Doctrine and Covenants Critique
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The Doctrine and Covenants
SECTION 98
Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at
Kirtland, Ohio, August 6, 1833. This revelation came in consequence of
the persecution upon the Saints in Missouri. Increased settlement of
Church members in Missouri troubled some other settlers, who felt
threatened by the Saints’ numbers, political and economic influence,
and cultural and religious differences. On July 20, 1833, a mob
destroyed Church property, tarred and feathered two Church members, and
demanded that the Saints leave Jackson County. Three days later, Church
leaders signed an agreement to do so. Although some news of the
problems in Missouri had no doubt reached the Prophet in Kirtland (nine
hundred miles away), the seriousness of the situation could have been
known to him at this date only by revelation.
1–3, The afflictions of the Saints will be for their good; 4–8, The
Saints are to befriend the constitutional law of the land; 9–10,
Honest, wise, and good men should be supported for secular government;
11–15, Those who lay down their lives in the Lord’s cause will have
eternal life; 16–18, Renounce war and proclaim peace; 19–22, The Saints
in Kirtland are reproved and commanded to repent; 23–32, The Lord
reveals His laws governing the persecutions and afflictions imposed on
His people; 33–38, War is justified only when the Lord commands it;
39–48, The Saints are to forgive their enemies, who, if they repent,
will also escape the Lord’s vengeance.
1 Verily I say unto you my friends, fear not, let your hearts be
comforted; yea, rejoice evermore, and in everything give thanks; 2
Waiting patiently on the Lord, for your prayers have entered into the
ears of the Lord of Sabaoth, and are recorded with this seal and
testament—the Lord hath sworn and decreed that they shall be granted. 3
Therefore, he giveth this promise unto you, with an immutable covenant
that they shall be fulfilled; and all things wherewith you have been
afflicted shall work together for your good, and to my name’s glory,
saith the Lord.
Note: The LDS religious fanatics had gone too far.
Independence resident Josiah Gregg recalled: "in proportion as [the
Mormons] grew strong in numbers, they also became more exacting and
bold in their pretensions. In a little paper printed at Independence
under their immediate auspices, everything was said that could provoke
hostility between 'saints' and their 'worldly' neighbors, until at last
they became so emboldened by impunity, as openly to boast of their
determination to be the sole proprietors of the 'Land of Zion.'"
4 And now, verily I say unto you concerning the laws of the land, it is
my will that my people should observe to do all things whatsoever I
command them. 5 And that law of the land which is constitutional,
supporting that principle of freedom in maintaining rights and
privileges, belongs to all mankind, and is justifiable before me. 6
Therefore, I, the Lord, justify you, and your brethren of my church, in
befriending that law which is the constitutional law of the land; 7 And
as pertaining to law of man, whatsoever is more or less than this,
cometh of evil.
Note: The LDS religious fanatics had gone too far.
The July 1833 edition of the Evening and the Morning Star, a Mormon
local newspaper, featured multiple stories that contributed to the
growing tensions. The most controversial piece, titled "Free People of
Color," reminded readers to comply with Missouri state law, which
required free people of color to bring proof of citizenship when
settling in the state. This inflamed tensions with the Missourians, who
interpreted it as evidence of the Mormons actively facilitating and
encouraging the settlement of free blacks, which was seen as extremely
undesirable to settlers of the newly-created slave state.[14] The Star
would later publish an extra denying these allegations, arguing their
intent was to deter such migration.
8 I, the Lord God, make you free, therefore ye are free indeed; and the
law also maketh you free. 9 Nevertheless, when the wicked rule the
people mourn. 10 Wherefore, honest men and wise men should be sought
for diligently, and good men and wise men ye should observe to uphold;
otherwise whatsoever is less than these cometh of evil. 11 And I give
unto you a commandment, that ye shall forsake all evil and cleave unto
all good, that ye shall live by every word which proceedeth forth out
of the mouth of God. 12 For he will give unto the faithful line upon
line, precept upon precept; and I will try you and prove you herewith.
Note: The LDS religious fanatics had gone too far.
A second piece cautioned Mormons to adequately prepare before
attempting to migrate to Jackson County, reminding them that while "the
children of Israel" were "compelled to obtain [the Holy Land] by the
sword, with the sacrifice of many lives", land in Jackson had to be
lawfully purchased: "to suppose that we can come up here and take
possession of this land by the shedding of blood, would be setting at
nought the law of the glorious gospel, and also the word of our great
Redeemer: And to suppose that we can take possession of this country,
without making regular purchases of the same according to the laws of
our nation, would be reproaching this great Republic ... under whose
auspices we all have protection." While the piece attempted to stem the
influx of unprepared Mormon settlers and emphasized the need to respect
property rights, the mere mention of land being obtained "by the sword"
inflamed anxieties among Missourians.
13 And whoso layeth down his life in my cause, for my name’s sake,
shall find it again, even life eternal. 14 Therefore, be not afraid of
your enemies, for I have decreed in my heart, saith the Lord, that I
will prove you in all things, whether you will abide in my covenant,
even unto death, that you may be found worthy. 15 For if ye will not
abide in my covenant ye are not worthy of me. 16 Therefore, renounce
war and proclaim peace, and seek diligently to turn the hearts of the
children to their fathers, and the hearts of the fathers to the
children; 17 And again, the hearts of the Jews unto the prophets, and
the prophets unto the Jews; lest I come and smite the whole earth with
a curse, and all flesh be consumed before me. 18 Let not your hearts be
troubled; for in my Father’s house are many mansions, and I have
prepared a place for you; and where my Father and I am, there ye shall
be also.
Note: The LDS religious fanatics had gone too far.
The situation escalated when citizens of Jackson County convened a town
meeting to address their concerns on "the Mormon issue". The meeting's
address, penned on July 20, accused the Mormons, who were described as
"little above the condition of our blacks either in regard to property
or education", of having a "corrupting influence on our slaves",
seeking to win lands by violent means, and of plotting to take over the
county: "we are daily told, and not by the ignorant alone, but by all
classes of them, that we...of this county are to be cut off, and our
lands appropriated by them for inheritances." The address argued that
"it requires no gift of prophecy to tell that the day is not far
distant when the civil government of the country will be in their
hands". It demanded that no further Mormons settle in the county, that
the existing Mormons leave, and that their newspaper cease publication
immediately. The address concluded warning that those who failed to
comply would face dire consequences.
19 Behold, I, the Lord, am not well pleased with many who are in the
church at Kirtland; 20 For they do not forsake their sins, and their
wicked ways, the pride of their hearts, and their covetousness, and all
their detestable things, and observe the words of wisdom and eternal
life which I have given unto them. 21 Verily I say unto you, that I,
the Lord, will chasten them and will do whatsoever I list, if they do
not repent and observe all things whatsoever I have said unto them. 22
And again I say unto you, if ye observe to do whatsoever I command you,
I, the Lord, will turn away all wrath and indignation from you, and the
gates of hell shall not prevail against you.
Note: These threatening prophecies did not materialize money.
During the 1830s, church members sought to build Zion in Missouri and a
stake of Zion in Ohio, a collective endeavor that required substantial
resources. While the church sought to implement consecration and
tithing to raise funds internally, over time church leaders realized
that fulfilling divine mandates—including building a temple—would
require additional sources of capital.
23 Now, I speak unto you concerning your families—if men will smite
you, or your families, once, and ye bear it patiently and revile not
against them, neither seek revenge, ye shall be rewarded; 24 But if ye
bear it not patiently, it shall be accounted unto you as being meted
out as a just measure unto you. 25 And again, if your enemy shall smite
you the second time, and you revile not against your enemy, and bear it
patiently, your reward shall be an hundred-fold. 26 And again, if he
shall smite you the third time, and ye bear it patiently, your reward
shall be doubled unto you four-fold; 27 And these three testimonies
shall stand against your enemy if he repent not, and shall not be
blotted out.
Note: The LDS religious fanatics had gone too far.
After the demands were presented to prominent Mormons, the meeting
reconvened and were told that the local Mormon leaders requested an
"unreasonable" amount of time to respond. As a result, a mob attacked
the newspaper's printing office, destroyed the press, and tarred and
feathered two Mormon leaders. On July 23, a mob again gathered at the
courthouse square and rounded up six of the church's high priests. The
vigilantes dispersed after extracting an agreement from them that half
of the Mormons would leave the county by January 1, 1834, and the rest
by April 1. In exchange for the Mormons leaving their homes, the local
citizens council would "use all their influence to prevent any
violence" so long as the Mormons complied with the "agreement".
28 And now, verily I say unto you, if that enemy shall escape my
vengeance, that he be not brought into judgment before me, then ye
shall see to it that ye warn him in my name, that he come no more upon
you, neither upon your family, even your children’s children unto the
third and fourth generation. 29 And then, if he shall come upon you or
your children, or your children’s children unto the third and fourth
generation, I have delivered thine enemy into thine hands; 30 And then
if thou wilt spare him, thou shalt be rewarded for thy righteousness;
and also thy children and thy children’s children unto the third and
fourth generation. 31 Nevertheless, thine enemy is in thine hands; and
if thou rewardest him according to his works thou art justified; if he
has sought thy life, and thy life is endangered by him, thine enemy is
in thine hands and thou art justified.
Note: The LDS religious fanatics had gone too far.
In October 1833, W. W. Phelps and Orson Hyde traveled to Jefferson
City, the state capital, to present a petition to Governor Daniel
Dunklin requesting militia protection and redress for damaged property.
The government of Missouri condemned the actions of the vigilantes and
advised the Mormon representatives to prosecute their offenders through
local courts. Following the governor's advice, the Mormon leaders filed
lawsuits against the perpetrators of the printing shop's destruction.
On October 31, likely catalyzed by the Mormons' legal actions, a mob
raided a Mormon settlement eight miles west of Independence, damaging
several houses and whipping the men inside. The next day, the Mormon
storehouse in Independence was sacked, having its goods scattered on
the street.
32 Behold, this is the law I gave unto my servant Nephi, and thy
fathers, Joseph, and Jacob, and Isaac, and Abraham, and all mine
ancient prophets and apostles.
Note: Abraham was not a prophet but the example of faith in God.
Therefore, He who supplies the Spirit to you and works miracles among
you, does He do it by the works of the law, or by the hearing of
faith?— just as Abraham “believed God, and it was accounted to him for
righteousness.” Therefore, know that only those who are of faith are
sons of Abraham. And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify
the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel to Abraham beforehand,
saying, “In you all the nations shall be blessed.” So then those who
are of faith are blessed with believing Abraham. Galatians 3:5-9
Note: The era of the apostles was the first century AD.
33 And again, this is the law that I gave unto mine ancients, that they
should not go out unto battle against any nation, kindred, tongue, or
people, save I, the Lord, commanded them. 34 And if any nation, tongue,
or people should proclaim war against them, they should first lift a
standard of peace unto that people, nation, or tongue; 35 And if that
people did not accept the offering of peace, neither the second nor the
third time, they should bring these testimonies before the Lord; 36
Then I, the Lord, would give unto them a commandment, and justify them
in going out to battle against that nation, tongue, or people. 37 And
I, the Lord, would fight their battles, and their children’s battles,
and their children’s children’s, until they had avenged themselves on
all their enemies, to the third and fourth generation.
Note: The LDS religious fanatics had gone too far.
The non-Mormons in Jackson County refused to allow the Mormons to
return to their lands, and reimbursement of confiscated and damaged
property was refused.
38 Behold, this is an ensample unto all people, saith the Lord your
God, for justification before me. 39 And again, verily I say unto you,
if after thine enemy has come upon thee the first time, he repent and
come unto thee praying thy forgiveness, thou shalt forgive him, and
shalt hold it no more as a testimony against thine enemy— 40 And so on
unto the second and third time; and as oft as thine enemy repenteth of
the trespass wherewith he has trespassed against thee, thou shalt
forgive him, until seventy times seven. 41 And if he trespass against
thee and repent not the first time, nevertheless thou shalt forgive
him. 42 And if he trespass against thee the second time, and repent
not, nevertheless thou shalt forgive him. 43 And if he trespass against
thee the third time, and repent not, thou shalt also forgive him. 44
But if he trespass against thee the fourth time thou shalt not forgive
him, but shalt bring these testimonies before the Lord; and they shall
not be blotted out until he repent and reward thee four-fold in all
things wherewith he has trespassed against thee. 45 And if he do this,
thou shalt forgive him with all thine heart; and if he do not this, I,
the Lord, will avenge thee of thine enemy an hundred-fold; 46 And upon
his children, and upon his children’s children of all them that hate
me, unto the third and fourth generation.
Note: The LDS fanatics were blotted out of the state of Missouri in the 1830s.
General Clark cited Executive Order 44 soon after the Mormon settlers
surrendered in November 1838, saying that violence would have been used
had they chosen not to surrender. ...The order of the governor was to
me, that you should be exterminated, and not allowed to remain in the
state; and had not your leaders been given up, and the terms of this
treaty[16] complied with, your families before this time would have
been destroyed, and your houses in ashes. There is a discretionary
power vested in my hands, which concerning your circumstances I will
exercise for a season...
47 But if the children shall repent, or the children’s children, and
turn to the Lord their God, with all their hearts and with all their
might, mind, and strength, and restore four-fold for all their
trespasses wherewith they have trespassed, or wherewith their fathers
have trespassed, or their fathers’ fathers, then thine indignation
shall be turned away; 48 And vengeance shall no more come upon them,
saith the Lord thy God, and their trespasses shall never be brought any
more as a testimony before the Lord against them. Amen.
Note: The LDS fanatics were blotted out of the state of Missouri in the 1830s.
General Clark explicitly stated that the Mormons should expect no mercy
and that their leaders would not be returned to them. Clark furthermore
stated: I do not say you shall go now, but you must not think of
staying here another season, or of putting in crops, for the moment you
do this, the citizens will be upon you; and if I am called here again,
in a case of a non-compliance of a treaty made, do not think I will do
as I have now. You need not expect any mercy, but extermination, for I
am determined the governor's orders be executed. As for your leaders,
do not think, do not imagine for a moment, do not let it enter into
your mind, that they will be delivered and restored to you again, for
their fate is fixed, their die is cast, their doom is sealed.
Consequently, approximately 15,000 Mormons promptly fled to Illinois,
enduring the harsh winter conditions.